Metal Glossary

Designed to be a quick reference guide for customers, the Cashmores glossary provides definitions of the latest metal industry terms.

Metal Glossary

Designed to be a quick reference guide for customers, the Cashmores glossary provides definitions of the latest metal industry terms.
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  • Segregation
    The non uniform distribution in the microstructure of alloying elements during the solidification of an ingot, billet or slab. Some non metallic impurities may also be segregated during solidification.
  • Self-Quenching Alloy
    An alloy whose critical quench rate from its solution treatment temperature is slower than the rate of cooling in still air. This means that the alloying elements will be held in solid solution even after cooling in still air.
  • Shate
    A term used for rolled material where the thickness lies between that of cold rolled sheet and hot rolled plate, typically 4 to 10 mm. the finish may be hot or cold rolled.
  • Shear Strength
    The maximum stress that a material can sustain when loaded in shear. As a very rough guide for aluminium alloys the maximum shear strength is about 60 to 65% of the ultimate tensile strength and the yield strength in shear is 50 to 55% of the 0.2% Proof Stress.
  • Shear Test
    A test in which the test piece is progressively loaded to fracture in shear to measure its shear strength.
  • Sheet
    Usually defined as cold rolled flat product in the thickness range 0.25mm to 3.25mm.
  • Short Transverse Direction
    The minor axis at right angles to the major, longitudinal, axis.
  • Single-Hole Die
    An extrusion die with one hole, therefore capable of producing just one extrusion per cycle.
    Related Terms: Multi-Hole Die
  • Slab
    Rolling Slab
    A cast product that will be used for hot rolling. Size up to 300mm thick, 2000mm wide and 10/15 metres long with weight up to 15 tonnes.
  • Slitting
    The simultaneous cutting of a coil or wide strip into a number of narrower strips by means of rotary cutters.
  • Smelting
    Hall Heroult Process
    The main process used for the production of Aluminium metal whereby Alumina is dissolved in a salt bath of molten cryolite and subject to an electrolysis process. Often referred to as Smelting, this process uses very large amounts of electricity. Named after two scientists who developed the process independently of each other at around the same time.
  • Stop Mark
    A transverse peripheral ridge on a product arising from a stoppage during rolling, extrusion or drawing.
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