Metal Glossary

Designed to be a quick reference guide for customers, the Cashmores glossary provides definitions of the latest metal industry terms.

Metal Glossary

Designed to be a quick reference guide for customers, the Cashmores glossary provides definitions of the latest metal industry terms.
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  • Tension Levelling
    Roller Levelling
    Flattening of sheet, strip or coil metal by passing it through a roll train staggered rolls. Levelling is achieved by precisely bending metal strip back and forth as it's passed through a series of small-diameter offset rolls. The material is usually also under tension loading.
  • Tin FoilCooking Foil, Foil, Kitchen Foil
    Cooking Foil, Foil, Kitchen Foil
    Cold rolled aluminium flat product less than 250 microns in thickness. Usage includes kitchen foil (cooking foil) and foil trays for food. Kitchen Foil is often incorrectly referred to as Tin Foil.
  • Tolerance
    The permissible limit, or limits, of variation to a specified parameter such as a dimension or weight, usually expressed as 'plus' or 'minus' value or percentage on that quantity.
  • Torsion Test
    A test in which a sample is twisted axially for a given number of revolutions. It may be conducted to destruction or to demonstrate that the material can withstand a specific amount of twisting.
  • Traffic Marks
    Fretting
    Abrasions, usually dark in colour, resulting from relative movement, or rubbing, between contacting metal surfaces during transit.
  • Triplate
    Transition Joint
    An explosively bonded bimetal flat bar that comprises a layer each of steel and marine-grade aluminium (alloy 5083) usually with an interlayer of pure aluminium. It is used for the on site welding of aluminium to steel, especially in shipyards and for offshore structures.
  • Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS)
    Tensile Strength
    The maximum load, in tension, that a material can withstand before breaking. It is calculated as a breaking load for a standard cross section area.
  • Ultrasonic Test
    A non-destructive test method using ultra high frequency sound waves to locate and assess the size of internal material defects.
  • Under-Ageing
    An artificial ageing treatment that fails to achieve maximum or optimum increase in mechanical properties/hardening. It is caused either by processing for an insufficient time or at too low a temperature.
  • Upper Critical Strain
    The minimum amount of cold work needed prior to annealing or solution treatment to produce a fine recrystallized equiaxed grain structure by eliminating the cold worked structure of elongated grains.
  • Vickers Hardness
    Brinell Hardness, Hardness, Rockwell Hardness
    The resistance of a metal to plastic deformation usually by indentation using a diamond or a hardened steel ball. There are various recongnised hardness scales including Vickers (VPN), Brinell and Rockwell. N.B. The empirical, but robust, relationship between hardness and tensile properties that applies in steels does not apply, and the steel tables must not be used for aluminium and its alloys. A less rigorous relationship has been established for some aluminium alloys but it is not widely used.
  • Water Staining
    A residue left on aluminium that has been wet and allowed to dry naturally. This is very difficult to remove and cannot be improved by polishing or anodising.
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