Metal Glossary

Designed to be a quick reference guide for customers, the Cashmores glossary provides definitions of the latest metal industry terms.

Metal Glossary

Designed to be a quick reference guide for customers, the Cashmores glossary provides definitions of the latest metal industry terms.
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  • Drift Test
    Flaring Test
    A test for the weld integrity of a welded tube, usually carried out to BS1139. All batches of Scaffolding Tube undergo this test.
    Related Terms: Scaffolding Tube
  • Duplex Ageing
    A two stage age-hardening heat treatment conducted at different temperatures.
  • Dye Penetrant Test
    A non-destructive test for surface defects and flaws. A clean and degreased work-piece is dipped in, or otherwise coated by, a fluid containing a brightly coloured dye. This fluid is often called dye penetrant ink. After a predetermined time the ink is removed, usually by washing, and a, usually white, developer applied. The dye seeps out from any flaws and cracks, thereby making them easily visible.
  • Edge Curvature
    Lateral Curvature
    The lateral departure, in arc form, of an edge from linear straightness.
  • Element
    A pure chemical substance that consists of just one type of atom as defined by its atomic number (the number of protons in its nucleus). Elements combine to make compounds, e.g. Copper Sulphate which contains Copper, Sulphur and Oxygen. An Alloy, e.g. Brass, is a solid solution of two or more elements.
  • Etching
    The production of a uniform matt, surface finish on a work-piece by controlled chemical or electrochemical attack. The etching agent can be either acid or alkali in nature.
  • Etching Test
    The use of a chemical reagent to reveal the macrostructure of a sample from a work-piece. The test is usually made on a cross section from the work-piece so is destructive.
  • Extrusion
    Direct Extrusion
    The extrusion process in which a preheated billet is placed in the container and is pushed by the ram through the stationary die to form the extruded section.
    Related Terms: Container
  • Extrusion Die
    Die
    The hardened steel aperture through which a heated extrusion billet is pushed to form an extruded profile shape. There are 3 types of die: Flat Die – For extruding solid shapes Porthole Die – For extruding hollow shapes – This leaves one or two ‘weld’ seams along the length of the extrusion so tube produced in this way is called Welded Tube. Flat Die with Mandrel – For extruding seamless hollow shapes and seamless tube
  • Extrusion Ratio
    The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the extrusion container to that of the extruded product.
  • Finstock
    Narrow strip in the thickness range 0.2mm to 0.4mm used for finning of heat exchanger tubes in applications such as air conditioning.
  • Fixed Mandrel
    A device for producing hollow extrusions of regular cross section. The tapered mandrel is attached to the main extrusion ram and passes through the hollow billet. As the ram moves forward the mandrel passes, with the billet, through the die giving a product slightly tapering in wall thickness along its length. The mandrel is tapered to facilitate its removal when extrusion is complete.
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