Metal Glossary

Designed to be a quick reference guide for customers, the Cashmores glossary provides definitions of the latest metal industry terms.

Metal Glossary

Designed to be a quick reference guide for customers, the Cashmores glossary provides definitions of the latest metal industry terms.
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  • Hot Stamping Brass
    Stamping Brass
    CW617N / CZ122 Brass formulated to be most suitable for hot stamping.
  • IACS
    International Annealed Copper Standard - a measure of electrical conductivity agreed in 1913 with “pure” Copper set as 100%. Advances in copper refining mean that now the pure Copper can attain 103% IACS. The minimum requirement for High Conductivity Copper now is 101% IACS.
  • Ingot Casting
    Casting
    The pouring of molten metal into a mould or die where it is allowed to solidify. When solidified, the resultant 'casting' takes on the shape and approximate dimensions of the mould. Examples:
    • Ingot for forging or other hot working
    • Intermediate uses include extrusion billets, slabs for rolling, forging blanks.
    • End use: valve body.
  • ISO
    The International Standards Organisation responsible for the ISO range of standards.
  • Leaded Phosphor Bronze
    Phosphor Bronze
    Hard and strong cast and wrought Copper/Tin alloys with small, deliberate, Phosphorus additions. Wrought alloys such as PB102 contain 4% to 8% Tin, whilst cast alloys contain 9% to 12% Tin. Leaded Phosphor Bronzes, with Lead contents up to 20% ,are usually available only as castings – Examples are PB1 and SAE660.
  • Machinability
    An important, but difficult to quantify, property of a material. It relates to the ease by which material can be removed from a work-piece by a cutting tool, in turning, drilling, shaping or milling, etc., to leave a satisfactory surface finish. Materials with good machinability permit fast cutting speeds, high feeds with low tool wear and produce a bright, smooth surface. Free Machining Brass CW614N (CZ121 Pb3) has one of the fastest rates of metal removal and sets the machinability standard against which the machinability of all other alloys are measured.
  • Malleability
    The ability of a metal to deform into a useful shape, without breaking or cracking, under a compressive load. It is therefore the analogue of ductility which measures these effects in tension. A ductile material is invariably malleable and, hence, ductility and malleability are, incorrectly, often used interchangeably. Malleability is improved by annealing.
  • Manganese Bronze
    A frequently, but incorrectly, used term to describe the duplex, high tensile, Brasses (e.g. CW721R / CZ114) that contain Manganese.
  • Matte
    The mixture of Copper and Iron Sulphides produced by smelting the concentrated ore
  • Mega Pascals
    The SI unit for measuring the strength of a material and is abbreviated to MPa. Numerically it is exactly equivalent to Newtons/square millimetre (N/mm2 or Nmm-2). An approximate, rule of thumb, conversion to the Imperial measure of ton/in2 is: 1 ton/in2. = 15 MPa.
  • MIL
    The prefix given to U.S. military specifications.
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